Bevel-gear planer.



GNBARTH.

BEVEL GEAR PLANER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 19, 1912.

1,094,190, 7 Patented Apr. 21, 1914 8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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O. BARTH.

BEVEL GEAR PLANER.

APPLICATION IILBD MAR. 19, 1912.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

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G. EARTH.

BEVEL GEAR PLANE-R.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR.19, 1912.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

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*iUNiTE CUR/J. EARTH, OF DUSSELDORF, GERMANY.

IBEVEL-G-EAR PLANER.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CURT EARTH, a subject of the King of Saxony, residing at Dus seldorf, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bevel-Gear Planers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a bevel gear planer of special construction which works according to the rolling process.

All the movements of the machine are antomatic. The machine operates in such a manner that merely a cutting motion is comnninicated to two planing tools whichlimit the tooth space of the corresponding imaginary crown gear and that the rolling motion comn'iunicated exclusively to the work that is to say. that this work revolves around the axis of said imaginary crown gear and around its own axis. The work piece is fed on to the next tooth only after one tooth has been completely finished.

The improved machine is shown in the accompanying drawings by way of example.

Figure 1 is a vertical central section of the machine, partial cross section being shown at the right hand side of this figure. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine. F 3 is a vertical section on line AA of Fig. 6. Fig. 4- is a vertical section on line 13-13 of FigfG. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line CC of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the machine showing the casing of the feeding worm in section. Figs. 7 to 11 are diagrams showing the different stages in the production of a tooth. Figs. 12 to 14 represent constructional details. Fig. 15

' shows the device for driving the feeding worm. Figs. 16 and 17 represent further constructional details.

The machine consists of a frame 1 (Fig. 1.) in which in the circular guide 2 the body 3 is mounted so that it can turn around the vertical axis 1, 4. In this body 3 a circular guide 5 is arranged the center of which is situated in 6. In'this guide the support 7 is guided which carries the spindle S with the work 9 and the dividing head so that the support 7 can revolve in the plane of Fig. 1 of the drawings. The support 7 can be secured in its position by means of clamping screws 11, 12. In this manner the spindle 8 can be fixed at any required angle. In the frame 1 (Fig. 1) there is m unted at the right hand side the tool carrier 13 the guides 13 of which are Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 19, 1912.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914. Serial No. 684,747.

are shaped and concentric with the center 6 but parallel with the plane of Fig. 1 of the drawings. The tool carrier 13 can be lifted and lowered in said guides in order to prop erly adjust the tools. The guides 39 for the planing tools are mounted in this support; they are movably mounted upon guides 40* which also have the point- 6 as center, as can be seen from the plan view of the machine (Fig. 6). In Fig. 1 these guides 40 stand perpendicular to the plane of the drawings.

The guides 39 for the planing tools can thus be brought from the parallel position shown in Fig. 6 into such positions that they are inclined the one with regard to the other, standing both symmetrically with regard to the tooth to be cut. The planing tools can thus be broughtto any required position within certain limits; their prolongating lines always leading through said center 6.

I shall now explain the working of the machine with reference to Figs. 7 to 11. The machine works according to the socalled rolling method, all works being brought into contact with an imaginary crown gear. One tooth space of this imaginary crown gear is represented in the machine by the cutting edges of the planing tools. This tooth space never alters its position, so that the tooth just to be out has to pass through this tooth space. In Fig. 7 the work is shown in the initial position. If the bevel wheel is rolled along the imaginary crown gear its movement is composed of a revolving motion around the axis of the said imaginary crown gear and of a revolving motion around its own axis. During this movement the planing tool a cuts one side of the tooth (Figs. 7 and 8) and when the wheel continues to revolve, the planing tool Z; cuts the other side of the tooth (Figs. 9 and 10) the wheel continues to revolve until the tool Z) ceases to cut (Fig. 11) and the two sides of the tooth are finished. When the work has assumed the end position (Fig. 11) the cutting movement of the tools is temporarily interrupted so that the tools at the return of the bevel wheel to the initial position (Fig. 7) no longer act upon the finished edges of the tooth. When the work has again arrived at the position (Fig. 7) the rolling motion is temporarily stopped and the work advanced for the width of one tooth.

The machine has to execute the following movements: 1, the cutting movement of the planing tools; 2, the revolving movement of the work around the axis of the imaginary crown gear and around its own axis; 3, the dividing movement.

I The cutting atonement 0f the planing t00Zs.The machine is driven from the belt pulley 1% (Fig. 3) mounted upon the shaft 15. Upon this shaft the wheels 16, 17, 18 and 19 are keyed which mesh with wheels 16, 17, 18, 19 which are loosely mounted upon a shaft 20 with which they can be coupled in the well-known manner by means of a shiftable key 21 so that said shaft 20 is thus revolved with the speed cor-responding to the speed of the coupled gear wheel 16, 17, 18 or 19'. Upon the shaft 20 a bevel wheel 23 is loosely mounted the hub of which has coupling teeth opposite which a coupling sleeve 22 with corresponding teeth is mount- 7 ed. This coupling sleeve can be shifted upon the shaft in the well known manner but it is connected by a key with the shaft 20 so thatit turns with the same. The coupling sleeve is shifted by means of a lever 135 which has fork-shaped ends of which the one engages with a circular groove of the coupling sleeve 22 and the other with a circular groove of a rod 122. The bevel wheel 23 is in engagement with the bevel wheel 24-. This bevel wheel 24: drives a shaft 26 through the intermediary of the key 25, said shaft 26 being extensible and having ball joint-s so that its upper part 26' can: be inclined with regard to the lower part 26 according to the adjustment of the 1 support for the planing tools. The upper part'26 of the shaft 26 carries the bevel wheel 27 with which engages the wheel 28.

This wheel 28 drives the shaft 29, spur wheel 30, the intermediary wheel 31 and the wheel 32 of a shaft 33 is driven. Upon this shaft 33 a crank 34L is mounted (Figs. 3 and 6) which is connected by a rod 35 (Figs. 1, 2 and 6) with the carriage 36. Upon this carriage 36 the tool holder 37 is mounted (Figs. 1 and 2) which carries the planing tool 38. At each revolution of the crank 34 the carriage and consequently the planing tool is made to execute a reciprocating movement (cutting movement) in the guide 39. The planing tool on the left hand side shown in Figs. 7 to 11 is operated by the bevel wheel 27 through the intermediary of a similar gear as described with reference to the plan ing tool on the right hand side (Fig. 3 at the lefthand side and Fig. 6 at the right hand side). The guide for the planing tools must beadjusted in two directions, both lines of direction passing through the point of the work (point 6) as can be seen from Figs. 1, 2 and 6, as the path of the planing tools depends on the height of the tooth and on its width in the dividing circle. The are shaped guides described serve for these adjustments,

all these guides having the point 6 as a. center. The guide groove 10 is arranged in the plate 40 (Figs. 1 and 6) which covers the body 13. The body 13 is adjustable in the guides 13 (Figs. 1 and fixed to the frame 1 of the machine so that it can be lifted or lowered. lVhen the body 13 is lifted or lowered it turns around the center 6, whereby one of the hereinbefore mentioned adjusting movements of the planing tools is effected. The other adjusting movement is effected by making the guides 39 for the carriage 36 swing horizontally around the center 6. With this object in view the guides 39 of the carriage 36 can be displaced in the are shaped guide pieces 46 As has already been mentioned the center of the curvature of the guides 40 is the point 6. It is evident thatthe lateral displacement of the guides 39 has to be cffected symmetrically with regard to the positions of the carriages 36 shown in Fig. 6. After the adjustment the adjusted parts are secured in their positions by means of set screws not shown in the drawings. If the guide 39 is moved out of its position Fig. 6, the wheel 28 and the shaft 29 turn also around the shaft 26. In order to insure the proper engagement of the bevel wheels 27 and 28 the shaft 29 is further mounted in a bearing 41 which is connected with a collar 1-2 adapted to turn around the shaft 26'. Be-

fore the displacement is effected, which has just been described, the block 4L3 which is usually fixedly screwed upon the guide 39, has to be loosened so that it can move upon the guide 39. As the guide 39 turns around the point 6 during the displacement, whilst the shaft 29 turns around the shaft 26', the block 13, in which the shaft 29 is mounted, must be free to move upon the guide 16. In order to prevent the carriage from moving when the adjustment is being effected, the rod 35 can be loosened to be connected again with the carriage after the adjustment by wedging the block 441- in the slot 4-5. The block 43 is screwed again upon the body 410 after the adjustment has been effected. The same adjustments, only in opposite directions, are effected with the other planing mechanism.

(2) The rolling movement 0/ the work. The revolving motion of the shaft 15 (Fig. 3) is transmitted by means of the bevel wheels 46 and 17 to the shaft 48 (Fig. 2) and consequently to the worm 4E9 keyed upon this shaft. This worm drives the worm wheel 50 (Figs. 2 and 5) and through the same the shaft, 51. Upon this shaft 51 the spur wheels 52, 53, 54, are keyed (Fig. 5) which mesh with the wheels 52, 53, 54- 55 loosely mounted upon the shaft 56 with which they can be coupled in the wellknown manner by means of a draw key. Upon the shaft 56 a wheel 57 is keyed which, when the shaft revolves, drives the wheel 58 loosely mounted upon a shaft 59. This wheel 58 can be coupled with its shaft 59 when the coupling device 60, shown in Fig. 5 is pushed to the left. Upon the shaft 51 there is further keyed the wheel 61 meshing with the wheel 62. This wheel 62 connected with the wheel 63 turns loosely around the shaft 56. The wheel 63 drives the wheel 6 1 which is loosely mounted upon the shaft 59 but can be coupled with said shaft if the clutch 60 is shifted to the right. A slow revolving motion is communicated to the shaft 59 by means of the cone gears 52, to 55 and 52 to 55 and by means of the wheels 57 and 58, a quick revolving motion being communicated to said shaft through the medium of the wheels 61, 62, 63, 64:. Both motions are of the same direction. Upon the shaft 59 a crank disk 65 is keyed which drives by means of the rod 66 the carriage 67 to which thus a reciprocating motion upon the guide piece 68, and in the direction 6969 is communicated (Figs. 5, 1 and l). The guide piece 68 which has approximately the shape of the cross-head of a steam engine, is keyed upon a box 74: which is made in one piece with the frame 1 or fixed to the same. From the carriage 67 two motions are transmitted of which the one serves for driving the body 3 (Figs. 1 and 4) and the other for turning the work 9 around the pivot 8 (Figs. 1 and 6). In order to obtain the revolving motion of the body 3 a spur wheel 71 is fixed upon the spindle 70 (Fig. 4) which is keyed upon said body. A rack 72 fixed to the carriage 67 meshes with said spur wheel 71 so that,

- through the reciprocating motion of the carriage, an oscillating motion around the axis 4t- 1 is communicated to the body 3. The revolving motion of the work around its own axis 10-10 (Fig. 1) is effected in the following manner: The carriage 67 has a block 7 3 adapted to pivot around a pin 73 (Figs. 4 and 16) and guided'in a slot of the lever 7 4. This lever can turn around a fixed bush 71, whereby said lever 74 is made to swing around its axle (the bush 74-) when the car riage 67 is moving. The axle of the lever coincides for constructive reasons with the axis l'l. The lever 74 has at the opposite end another slot which serves for transmitting a reciprocating motion in straight direction to the carriage 77 by means of a block 76 adapted to turn around the pivot. 75. This reciprocating motion of the carriage 77 is communicated by a rack 7 8 to the toothed segment 79 which can loosely turn upon the spindle and which meshes with a toothed segment 80. Consequently the shaft 81, upon which this toothed segment 80 is keyed, is revolved. The bevel wheel 82 (Figs. 1, 1, 6) keyed upon said shaft 81 serves for revolving the bevel wheel 83, the shaft 8st (Fig. 6) and further the wheels 85 and 86. The wheel 86 is keyed upon the sleeve 87 (Fig. 1) which further carries the worm casing 105. In this casing the worm 88 is located which meshes with the worm wheel 89. Owing to this connection the worm wheel 89 participates in the revolving motion of the sleeve 87. The wheel 89 being keyed upon the work spindle 8 the work 9 also participates in the reciprocating motion of the sleeve 87. It has to be remarked that the distance between the block 7 6 (Fig. 16) and the pivot around which the lever 74 swings, can be regulated. Vfhen this distance is modified the amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the carriage 77 and consequently the amplitude of the oscillat ing motion of the work 9 is modified accordingly.

(5) The dim'ding mo'vement.ln alinement with the shaft 48 (Figs. 6 and 2) a shaft 90 is arranged which can be driven from shaft 18 by means of clutches 91, 92. When the work is being cut the clutches are disengaged and the sleeve 93 upon which the clutch 92 can be displaced is stopped by the clutch 94 (figs 2, 12, 13 and 14:) so that shaft 90 upon which the sleeve 93 is keyed cannot turn. If the shaft 90 has to be re volved for executing the division, the catch 941 is lifted out-of the notch whereby the spring influenced clutch 92 is released which has been retained by the abutment 95, so that the coupling of the shafts -18, 90 is established. When after a complete revolution of the shaft 90 the catch 94 gets into the notch, it simultaneously disengages the clutches 91, 92 by means of the abutment 95, the clutch 92 being pushed away from the clutch 91 and stopped in this uncoupled position. Upon the shaft 90 the bevel wheel 96 is keyed (Fig. 2) which meshes with wheel 97 which in its turn meshes with a wheel 98. The hub of the wheel 98 is loosely mounted upon the shaft of the wheel 97 and the hub of this wheel 97 is loosely mounted T upon the shaft 90 of the bevel wheel 96, so that the wheel 97 can revolve around the shaft 90 and the wheel 98 can turn around the shaft of the wheel 97. The shaft 100 of the wheel 98 can displace itself in this wheel but it revolves with said wheel as it is drawn along by the key 101. This shaft 100 carries at its other end the bevel wheel 102 which meshes with the wheel 103 and is adapted to freely swing around the shaft of said wheel. The wheel 103 meshes with the wheel 104: which in its turn can turn around the shaft of the wheel 103. The wheel 104.- is keyed upon the shaft 106 mounted in the worm casing (Fig. 15), a disk 107 with catch pin 108 being mounted upon the other end of said shaft 106. When the disk 107 revolves, the disk 109 which has crossed grooves is moved by means of the pin 108. The disk 109 with crossed grooves is secured on a shaft 110 on which the change wheel 112 is keyed. From this change wheel 112 a change wheel 11'? is driven which is mounted upon a pin 116 and connected with said change wheel 112 through the intermediary of the change wheels 113, 114, and the support 115 (Fig. 15) mounted upon the worm casing 105. The pin 116 forms part of a shaft 116 which further carries the bevel wheel 118 meshing with the bevel wheel 119 (Fig. through which the worm shaft 116 with the dividing worm 88 is driven which, in its turn, drives the worm wheel 89 (Fig. 1) and consequently the work spindle 8 and the work 9.

The following is a description of the operation of the machine for cutting one tooth with reference to the mechanisms which are arranged for insuring the automatic working of the machine: After the work has been brought into the roper working position so that its apex is situated at the point 6 (Fig. 1) and that the angle formed by its axis and the horizontal plane D--D of Fig. 1 is equal to half the angle of the apex; after, further the direction of movement of the planing tools and the amplitude of the angle through which the work turns have been adjusted by means of the block 7 6 (Figs. 16 and 4.) the belt pulley 1 1- (Fig. 3) can be started. The shaft drives the cone gears 16, 19 and 16, 1.9, the wheels 23 and 241-, the shaft 26, the wheels 27, 28, and by means of the driving gear in the body 13 through the medium of the crank 3 1 (Figs. 1, 2 and 6) one of the planing tools, and at the same time through the medium of the crank 3 1 and'the rod the other planing tool (Fig. 6) so that they continuously execute a reciprocating motion. At the same time the shaft 18 (Fig. 2) revolves the worm 49, the wheel (Fig. 5), the cone gears 52, and 52, 55, and the wheels 57, 58. lVhen the clutch is at the left hand side position a slow revolving motion is communicated to the shaft 59 so that through the intermediary of the crank disk 65, the rod 66, the carriage 6'? (Figs. 5 and 41), the rack 7 2 and the toothed segment 71, the shaft 70 and with it the body 3, are turned around the axis k :k (Figs. 1 and 1). At the same time the lever 74: is driven from the carriage 67 (Fig. 1) through the intermediary of the block 73 (Figs. 1 and 15) whereby a revolving motion around its own axis 10-1O is communicated to the work 9 from the carriage 77 (Fig. 1), the rack 78, toothed segments 79 and 80, shaft 81 and bevel wheels 82, 83, S5, and 86. Thus, the work turns around the axis i -4t of the imaginary crown gear and at the same time around its own axis 1010 as is necessary for the execution of the rolling movement. During the first half revolution of the crank disk (Fig. 5) the work goes from the position Fig. 7 to the position Fig. 11. As

soon as this latter position has been reached, the clutch 60 (Fig. is shifted to the right and a quick revolving motion is communicated to the shaft 59 by means of the wheels 6164l whereby the work is moved back to its initial position Fig. 7. The clutch 60 is operated by means of a cam 121 of the crank disk 65 (Figs. 5 and 13) which pushes the rod 122 toward the right.

As soon as the work has returned to its initial position the cam 123 pushes the rod 122 to the left whereby the fork 121 (Figs. 1, 5 and 13) shifts the clutch 60 so that the shaft 59 is again coupled with the bevel wheel. 58. The rod 122 (Figs. 5 and 13) has an arm 125 projecting from its right land end which carries a movable pawl 126. hen said rod 122 moves to the right the pawl 126 butts against the lever 128 mounted upon the shaft 129 and situated perpendicularly with regard to the rod 122. The pawl 126 turns around. its pivot 130 so that it does not act upon the lever 128 and shaft 129, If however, the rod 122 is moved toward the left its pawl 126 butting against the abutment 131 of the arm 12.5 draws along the lever 12S whereby the shaft 129 is turned until the sliding surfaces of the parts 126 and 128 which are in contact have passed the one over the other. Owing to this revolving motion of the shaft 129 the arm 127 keyed upon the same is turned so that its catch 94 is lifted out of the notch of the sleeve 93. As soon as the sliding surfaces of the parts 126 and 128 have passed the one over the other, said catch 9ft drops through the influence of the spring 132 upon the sleeve 93 so that it engages again with the notch of said sleeve as soon as the shaft 90 has completed one revolution. During this revolution of shaft 90, the dividing motion (that. is to say, the movement of the work for the distance of the space of one tooth) takes place, as can be seen from the foregoing explanation. The rod 122 has in the meantime moved to the left and started the slow revolving motion of the crank disk 65 (Fig. 5) for the cutting of the next tooth. As already mentioned, the cutting motion of the planing tools is interrupted during the return of the rack to its initial position. )Vith this object in view the rod 122 acts upon the coupling lever 135 which is adapted to pivot around the axle 136 and the arm 137 of which engages with the clutch 22. If the rod 122 moves to the right (Fig. the clutch 60 starts the quick return motion, the wheel 23 being at the same time thrown out of gear as the clutch 22 moves to the left, whereby the planing tools are stopped. If the slow forward motion is started owing to the shifting of the clutch 60 to the left, (left hand position) the clutch 22 is at the same time moved to the right and the cutting motion of the planing tools is started again.

I claim 1. An improved bevel gear planer comprising in combination, two planing tools representing one tooth of an imaginary crown gear, means for communicating to these planing tools a reciprocating motion in horizontal direction comprising in combination, the driving shaft, an intermediate shaft parallel with said driving shaft, three toothed wheels loosely mounted upon said auxiliary shaft and meshing with said toothed wheels of the shaft, a vertical extensible shaft composed of two parts, ball joints connecting the parts of said shaft, a bevel wheel gearing connecting said vertical shaft with said intermediate shaft, an upper horizontal shaft at the right hand side of the machine and an upper horizontal shaft at the left hand side of the machine, bevel wheel gearings connecting the upper end of said vertical shaft wlth said horizontal shafts, a crank shaft parallel with said right. hand side horizontal shaft, and a crank shaft parallel with said left hand side horizontal shaft, spur wheel gearings connecting said horizontal shafts with said crank shafts, a crank of each of said crank shafts, a support slide for the right hand side planing tool and a support slide for the left hand side planing tool, and a rod for each of said slides connecting the same with its crank.

2. An improved bevel gear planer, comprising in combination two planing tools representing one tooth of an imaginary crown gear, means for communicating to these planing tools a reciprocating motion in horizontal direction, means for adjusting the planing tools in horizontal directions, a support for the work, means for communicating to said support a revolving motion around the axis of the imaginary crown gear consisting of the driving shaft, bevel wheels keyed upon said driving shaft, an intermediate shaft parallel with said driving shaft, bevel wheels upon said intermediate shaft, a worm upon said intermediate shaft, a worm wheel gearing meshing with said worm, a vertical shaft carrying said worm wheel, spur wheels upon said vertical shaft, a horizontal shaft, spur wheels loosely mounted upon said horizontal shaft and meshing with the spur wheels of said vertical shaft, a wheel keyed upon said horizontal shaft, an intermediate shaft parallel with said horizontal shaft and a loose spur wheel upon said shaft, a coupling device for coupling said loose spur wheel with the shaft, a toothed wheel keyed upon said shaft, cone gears for slowly revolving said shaft when the coupling is disengaged and a spur wheel gearing for quickly revolving said shaft when the coupling is engaged, a crank disk upon said shaft, a slide, a crank connecting said slide with said crank disk, a guide moved by said slide, the support for the work driven by said guide, a spindle of said support carrying the work, a spur wheel gearing for revolving said support body, and a rack and toothed wheel connection for reciprocating the slide, a block guided in a slot of said slide, a lever movably connected with said slide so that it oscillates around its pivot when said slide reciprocates, a second slide driven from said lever, a rack and toothed segment connection for transmitting the motion of the lever to the second slide, substantially as described and shown and for the purpose set forth.

3. An improved bevel gear planer comprising in combination two planing tools representing one tooth of an imaginary crown gear, means for communicating to these planing tools a reciprocating motion in horizontal direction, a support for the work, means for communicating to said support a revolving motion around the axis of the imaginary crown gear, means for communicating to the spindle of said support a revolving motion around its own axis, means for feeding the work for the space of one tooth after a tooth has been completely out, a driving shaft, an intermediate shaft between said driving shaft, and the means for communieating to the spindle of the support a revolving motion around its own axis, a-cou pling device upon said intermediate shaft, a movable sleeve carrying said coupling devices, and means for automatically shifting said sleeve so that the coupling parts are coupled or uncoupled, a change wheel gearing for transmitting the movement from said intermediate shaft to the work spindle, substantially as described and shown and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

GURT EARTH. Vitnesses Bnssin F. DUNLAP, LoUIs VANDORY.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patent Washington, D. C. 

